CEUTA, Spain — King Felipe VI and Queen Letizia kicked off their first visit to Ceuta on Tuesday in a show of solidarity with residents of the Spanish city in North Africa as they grapple with a migration crisis that has strained relations with Morocco.
The royal visit is taking place after about 80,000 migrants crossed Ceuta’s border in July. More than 140 people died in the attempt to reach European soil.
Most of those who crossed quickly returned, but thousands remain in the Mediterranean coastal city of 84,000 residents. The exact number is unknown, though the mayor has estimated that as many as 15,000 remain.
Their presence has fueled social tensions in Ceuta and become a political issue across Spain, where opposition parties hope to use migration concerns to unseat the progressive government in next month’s elections.
The royal couple will travel on Wednesday to Melilla, Spain’s other North African exclave. The trip marks the first visit by a Spanish monarch to the two cities since Felipe’s father, Juan Carlos I, toured them in 2007.
Ceuta’s migration crisis persists
Migrants from Morocco and sub-Saharan Africa regularly attempt to cross the border fences around Ceuta and Melilla, seeing the Spanish cities as gateways to mainland Europe.
During a recent visit to Ceuta, The Associated Press found many underage migrants still living on the streets.
Some migrants have also reported abuse. The Spanish government is investigating allegations detailed in an Amnesty International report of mistreatment and torture by Spanish soldiers. One migrant said soldiers beat him so badly he needed staples to close wounds to his head.
Residents, meanwhile, have felt abandoned by national authorities as the crisis remains visible on the city’s streets.
The official royal agenda says the king and queen want to “show the support of the Crown for Ceuta’s institutions and society.”
Large crowds gathered to greet the royals and shake their hands. As Felipe met residents, some broke into the familiar sports chant, “I am Spanish, Spanish, Spanish.” Church bells rang as people waved Spanish flags.
Felipe received the key to the city from Ceuta’s top elected official, Juan Jesús Vivas, who called for the expulsion of all migrants who remained after the mass crossing.
“Thank you for coming to boost our morale, to resist and to see the light at the end of the tunnel,” Vivas told the royals. “We are going through a difficult time, an invasion that caused the deaths of 141 people with the intention of putting our city on the brink.”
The royals will also visit a school in what their agenda describes as “a multicultural setting that respects different religions” and a cemetery to pay their respects to those who died attempting to cross the border on July 30 and 31. Dozens of unidentified migrants who died during the crossings were buried there. The couple will stay overnight in Ceuta.
The city has a history of religious coexistence, but the border crisis has strained relations between its Christian and Muslim communities.
Ceuta and Melilla the focus of complex relations with Morocco
Morocco does not recognize Spanish sovereignty over the two small territories, which have been under Spanish control for centuries. Diplomatic observers in Spain will be watching closely for Rabat’s response to Felipe’s visit.
While Spanish Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez has defended Morocco’s role in helping resolve the crisis, many in Spain have questioned whether Rabat could have done more to prevent the mass crossing.
A Spanish Defense Ministry intelligence report issued July 30, as thousands streamed across the border, described Moroccan forces as passive and negligent in their efforts to stop migrants.
“It cannot be ruled out that Morocco may attempt to exploit the situation that has arisen in Ceuta to further its strategic interests,” the report said.
Haizam Amirah-Fernández, director of the Madrid-based Center of Contemporary Arab Studies, is among the analysts who believe Morocco, even if not directly involved, was likely aware of the buildup of people spurred by social media to cross into Ceuta. He described the mass crossing as an “assault” on Spain’s sovereignty.
Against that backdrop, the royal visit signals that Spain is shedding its longstanding reluctance to send its monarchs to the exclaves, Amirah-Fernández said.
He called it an “anomaly” that Spanish monarchs regularly tour the mainland and islands but rarely visit the North African cities. He attributed that reluctance to concerns in Madrid that such visits would strain relations with the Moroccan monarchy.
“The message is clear to all parties, to the population of Ceuta, to the population of Spain, to the European Union, to the international community and to the southern neighbor, who allowed for this assault to happen,” Amirah-Fernández said.
History of tensions over Ceuta and Melilla
Morocco’s Foreign Ministry did not immediately respond to requests for comment about the royal visit to the Spanish exclaves.
Juan Carlos’ visit to Ceuta and Melilla in 2007 triggered a diplomatic crisis. Morocco recalled its ambassador to Spain, and Moroccans protested outside Spanish consulates and near the border. King Mohammed VI, Morocco’s highest authority and chief foreign policy decision-maker, condemned that visit as a “nostalgic act from a decidedly bygone era.”
Asked whether the Spanish government feared a similar response this time, spokeswoman Elma Saiz emphasized Spain’s good relations with Rabat.
“This is a historic trip, but it is happening within the absolute normality of the visit of Spain’s majesties to two Spanish cities,” Saiz said. “As you all know, the days of July 29 and 30 were days of extraordinary tension where the communication with Morocco was fluid and constant.”
Joseph Wilson And Manu Fernández, The Associated Press
Joseph Wilson reported from Barcelona, Spain. AP writers Suman Naishadham in Madrid and Akram Oubachir in Casablanca, Morocco, contributed.
